Difference between revisions of "Ubuntu"

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<code>ip a</code>
<code>ip a</code>
==== Configure hostname ====
[https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-change-hostname-on-ubuntu-18-04/ How to change hostname on Ubuntu 18 04]


== CLI Software Management ==
== CLI Software Management ==

Revision as of 07:07, 22 October 2018

Shell commands

Enable root account (not recommended): 

$sudo passwd root

Disable root account you lock root account: 

$sudo passwd -l root

Want to use root @ console: 

$sudo -i

Windows Dual Boot page

Recovering Ubuntu After Windows Install

Grub2 on Ubuntu wiki

Grub2 GUI Customizer

For support-related question you can use Launchpad. You can also search the complete history of questions and answers.

Ubuntu web forums

Grub 2 basics

Enable SSH server

apt-get install openssh-server

Secure SSH server using /etc/hosts.allow

Add a User

Example adding a user with username johndoe. Follow the instructions provided by the command.

sudo adduser johndoe

Networking utilities

See IP address information

ip a

Configure hostname

How to change hostname on Ubuntu 18 04

CLI Software Management

Synchronize package index from Internet. Location of repositories /etc/apt/sources.list 

sudo apt-get update

Install newest versions of all software packages 

sudo apt-get upgrade

Update distribution 

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Install package (if already installed, will attempt to update package) 

apt-get install package-name

List installed packages 

apt list --installed

Apache 2

Resources

Ubuntu server guide to HTTPD

Ubuntu Open SSL guide

Installation

Update all your software and install Apache 2 

# apt-get update
# apt-get upgrade
# apt install apache2

Verify Apache is running 

# systemctl status apache2
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/apache2.service.d
           └─apache2-systemd.conf
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2018-10-21 14:44:30 CDT; 11min ago
 Main PID: 17131 (apache2)
    Tasks: 55 (limit: 4181)
   CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
           ├─17131 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           ├─17132 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           └─17134 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

Oct 21 14:44:30 apu02 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Oct 21 14:44:30 apu02 apachectl[17120]: AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's
Oct 21 14:44:30 apu02 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.

Firewall

Update firewall to allow only port 443 (default HTTPS TCP port) 

# ufw app list
Available applications:
  Apache
  Apache Full
  Apache Secure
  OpenSSH

# ufw allow 'Apache Secure'

# ufw status verbose | grep 443
443/tcp (Apache Secure)    ALLOW IN    Anywhere
443/tcp (Apache Secure (v6)) ALLOW IN    Anywhere (v6)

PostgreSQL

Switch to postgres account 

sudo -i postgres

Access PostgreSQL prompt 

psql

Exit PostgreSQL prompt 

\q

Log directly into PostgreSQL prompt with postgres user 

sudo -u postgres psql

Add user (username must be same as PostgreSQL role and database) 

sudo adduser user_name

Check current connection information 

\conninfo

While logged in as postgres user...

Create a new role. Use man createuser for more information. 

createuser --interactive

Create new database 

createdb db_name

Same user connect to different database 

psql -d postgres

Teamspeak3 setup on Ubuntu 16.04 via command line

Followed steps at How to install Teamspeak 3 server on Ubuntu 16.04 64-bit to install Teamspeak 3 and get basic server running.

If you want to customize the server port follow next steps.

Install simple command-line program named sqlite3. How to use sqlite 

robot00@apu00:~$ sudo apt install sqlite3

Launch sqlite3 using Teamspeak 3 sqlite database file: 

robot00@apu00:~$ sudo sqlite3 /home/teamspeak/ts3server.sqlitedb
SQLite version 3.11.0 2016-02-15 17:29:24
Enter ".help" for usage hints.

Update port command: 

sqlite> update servers set server_port=<CUSTOM UDP Port>;

Restart Teamspeak 3 server 

robot00@apu00:~$ systemctl restart teamspeak.service

Test your connection using the <CUSTOM UDP Port>

Factorio Headless Setup

Resources:

Check that your version of glibc is >= 2.18. 

robot01@apu01:~$ ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.23-0ubuntu10) 2.23
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.

Output of ldd command confirms glibc version 2.23.

Switch to /opt directory and download latest Factorio stable headless version (0.16.36 as of this writing) 

robot01@apu01:~$ cd /opt
robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo wget https://www.factorio.com/get-download/0.16.36/headless/linux64
...
...
...
Saving to: ‘linux64’
linux64                  100%[==================================>]  23.04M   401KB/s    in 2m 48s

2018-05-01 20:38:47 (141 KB/s) - ‘linux64’ saved [24163736/24163736]

Rename file to match version (0.16.36 in this example) 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo mv linux64 factorio_headless_x64_0.16.36.tar.xz

Extract archived and zipped file 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo tar -xJf factorio_headless_x64_0.16.36.tar.xz
robot01@apu01:/opt$ ls -l
total 47204
drwxr-xr-x 4 root     root         4096 May  1 21:12 factorio
-rw-r--r-- 1 factorio factorio 24163736 May  1 20:56 factorio_headless_x64_0.16.36.tar.xz

Remove file (save space, you can always download again if needed) 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo rm factorio_headless_x64_0.16.36.tar.xz

Add a new user to run factorio and assign ownership of /opt/factorio directory to same user 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo useradd factorio
robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo chown -R factorio:factorio /opt/factorio/


Verify permissions show factorio for both user and group 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ ls -l
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 4 factorio factorio 4096 May  1 21:12 factorio


Test Factorio binary by switching to factorio user then start server 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo su - factorio
No directory, logging in with HOME=/
$

Start server and look for something like "File /savename does not exist." 

$ /opt/factorio/bin/x64/factorio --start-server savename
   0.000 2018-05-01 21:20:47; Factorio 0.16.36 (build 36253, linux64, headless)
   0.260 Operating system: Linux (Ubuntu 16.04)
   0.260 Program arguments: "/opt/factorio/bin/x64/factorio" "--start-server" "savename"
   0.260 Read data path: /opt/factorio/data
   0.260 Write data path: /opt/factorio [103696/111098MB]
   0.260 Binaries path: /opt/factorio/bin
   0.304 System info: [CPU: AMD G-T40E Processor, 2 cores, RAM: 3550 MB]
   0.304 Environment: DISPLAY=<unset>, WAYLAND_DISPLAY=<unset>
   0.305 Running in headless mode
   0.316 Error GlobalModSettings.cpp:107: Failed to migrate mod settings file: Error when opening /opt/factorio/mods/mod-settings.json for reading: No such file or directory
   0.322 Loading mod core 0.0.0 (data.lua)
   0.388 Loading mod base 0.16.36 (data.lua)
   1.063 Loading mod base 0.16.36 (data-updates.lua)
   1.313 Checksum for core: 1316978547
   1.313 Checksum of base: 4140083139
   2.006 Info PlayerData.cpp:67: Local player-data.json unavailable
   2.006 Info PlayerData.cpp:72: Cloud player-data.json unavailable
   2.012 Custom inputs active: 0
   2.015 Factorio initialised
   2.016 Info ServerSynchronizer.cpp:29: nextHeartbeatSequenceNumber(0) initialized Synchronizer nextTickClosureTick(0).
   2.016 Info ServerMultiplayerManager.cpp:698: mapTick(4294967295) changing state from(Ready) to(PreparedToHostGame)
   2.016 Info ServerMultiplayerManager.cpp:698: mapTick(4294967295) changing state from(PreparedToHostGame) to(CreatingGame)
   2.017 Loading map /savename
   2.017 Error ServerMultiplayerManager.cpp:96: MultiplayerManager failed: "File /savename does not exist."
   2.017 Info ServerMultiplayerManager.cpp:698: mapTick(4294967295) changing state from(CreatingGame) to(InitializationFailed)
   2.017 Info GlobalContext.cpp:694: Waiting for child processes to exit:
   2.020 Info ServerMultiplayerManager.cpp:142: Quitting multiplayer connection.
   2.020 Info ServerMultiplayerManager.cpp:698: mapTick(4294967295) changing state from(InitializationFailed) to(Closed)
   2.062 Info UDPSocket.cpp:206: Closing socket
   2.065 Goodbye

As factorio user create /opt/factorio/ saves directory 

$ mkdir /opt/factorio/saves

At this point you can load up saved games or create some games. Before that I want to install Factorio init script

Exit from factorio user back to sudo account 

$ exit
logout

Switch to /opt directory 

robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ cd /opt

Clone Factorio init script from github 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo git clone https://github.com/Bisa/factorio-init.git
Cloning into 'factorio-init'...
remote: Counting objects: 484, done.
remote: Total 484 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 484
Receiving objects: 100% (484/484), 109.47 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (276/276), done.
Checking connectivity... done.

Make Factorio start on operating system boot and restart if failure (configurable - I kept defaults for now) 

robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo cp /opt/factorio-init/factorio.service.example /etc/systemd/system/factorio.service
robot01@apu01:/opt$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Sysvinit 

robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ sudo ln -s /opt/factorio-init/factorio /etc/init.d/factorio
robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ sudo chmod +x /opt/factorio-init/factorio

Show help 

robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ service factorio help
Usage: /etc/init.d/factorio COMMAND

Available commands:
   start                                 Starts the server
   stop                                  Stops the server
   restart                               Restarts the server
   status                                Displays server status
   players-online                        Shows online players
   players                               Shows all players
   cmd [command/message]                 Open interactive commandline or send a single command to the server
   chatlog [--tail|-t]                   Print the current chatlog, optionally tail the log to follow in real time
   new-game name [map-gen-settings] [map-settings]       Stops the server and creates a new game with the specified name using the specified map gen settings and map settings json files
   save-game name                        Stops the server and saves game to specified save
   load-save name                        Stops the server and loads the specified save
   install [tarball]                     Installs the server with optional specified tarball (omit to download and use the latest headless server from Wube)
   update [--dry-run]                    Updates the server
   invocation                            Outputs the invocation for debugging purpose
   listcommands                          List all init-commands
   listsaves                             List all saves
   version                               Prints the binary version
   help                                  Shows this help message

Setup Autocompletion 

robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ sudo ln -s /opt/factorio-init/bash_autocomplete /etc/bash_completion.d/factorio
robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ sudo echo "source /opt/factorio-init/bash_autocomplete" >> ~/.bashrc

Copy example server settings (make any changes you want to copy) 

robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ sudo cp /opt/factorio/data/server-settings.example.json /opt/factorio/data/server-settings.json

Copy example configuration (make any changes you want to copy) 

robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ sudo cp /opt/factorio-init/config.example /opt/factorio-init/config

Make any changes to config ini 

robot01@apu01:/opt/factorio$ sudo vi /opt/factorio/config/config.ini

Hardware

Identify video card: 

paul@congo:~$ lspci -nn | grep VGA
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: nVidia Corporation G92 [GeForce 8800 GT] [10de:0611] (rev a2)

Verify interface speed

cat /sys/class/net/<interface>/speed

replace <interface> with name of your NIC (e.g. eth0)

Ubuntu video card

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